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Immunology and Cell Biology
Article . 2008 . Peer-reviewed
License: Wiley Online Library User Agreement
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Amino‐acid sequence motifs for PKC‐mediated membrane trafficking of the inhibitory killer Ig‐like receptor

Authors: Eun Joo Kim; Jongsun Kim; Yong-Joon Chwae; Jae Myun Lee; Jae Won Soh; Seung-Tae Lee; Hyung-Ran Kim;

Amino‐acid sequence motifs for PKC‐mediated membrane trafficking of the inhibitory killer Ig‐like receptor

Abstract

Activation‐induced upregulation of inhibitory killer Ig‐like receptor (KIR) is regulated by protein kinase Cs (PKCs). Conventional PKCs increase KIR expression on the post‐transcriptional level by increasing the recycling of surface molecules and endoplasmic reticulum (ER)–Golgi processing. PKCδ plays a role in the secretion of cytoplasmic KIR through lytic granules. In this study, we identified amino acid sequence motifs associated with PKC‐mediated KIR membrane trafficking by systematic mutagenesis. Mutations of Y398 and HLWC364 completely inhibited the PMA‐induced increase of KIR molecules at surface as well as total protein levels, indicating that these are associated with ER–Golgi processing and sorting to plasma membrane through lytic granules. Mutations of Y‐based motif, including Y398, acidic region (PE394), dileucine motif‐like region (IL423) and PKC‐phosphorylatable S415 caused a blockade of surface KIR endocytosis after PKC stimulation. Mutation of T145 caused an accumulation of mutant proteins in late endosomes and lysosomes after PKC activation, suggesting that T145 might be related to the recovery of endocytosed KIR to the surface membrane. We also demonstrated that PKCs could directly phosphorylate the KIR cytoplasmic tail by means of western blot and in vitro kinase assay, implying that phosphorylation status of KIR cytoplasmic tail can direct the fate of surface KIR molecules. Taken together, various sequence motifs are implicated in the PKC‐mediated post‐transcriptional upregulation of KIR, and each of these motifs work in different steps after PKC activation.

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Keywords

Cytoplasm, inhibitory killer Ig-like receptor, Protein Kinase C/antagonists & inhibitors, Amino Acid Motifs, Blotting, Western, Molecular Sequence Data, KIR3DL1/genetics, Jurkat Cells, Receptors, 616, Humans, KIR3DL1/chemistry*, Amino Acid Sequence, Phosphorylation, Y-based motif, Protein Kinase C, conventional PKCs, Blotting, membrane trafficking, T cell, Receptors, KIR3DL1, Protein Kinase C/metabolism*, Up-Regulation, Protein Transport, PKCd, KIR3DL1/immunology, Western, KIR3DL1/metabolism*

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citations
This is an alternative to the "Influence" indicator, which also reflects the overall/total impact of an article in the research community at large, based on the underlying citation network (diachronically).
BIP!Citations provided by BIP!
popularity
This indicator reflects the "current" impact/attention (the "hype") of an article in the research community at large, based on the underlying citation network.
BIP!Popularity provided by BIP!
influence
This indicator reflects the overall/total impact of an article in the research community at large, based on the underlying citation network (diachronically).
BIP!Influence provided by BIP!
impulse
This indicator reflects the initial momentum of an article directly after its publication, based on the underlying citation network.
BIP!Impulse provided by BIP!
9
Average
Average
Average
Green