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Expression of the scaffold connector enhancer of kinase suppressor of Ras 1 (CNKSR1) is correlated with clinical outcome in pancreatic cancer

Authors: Humair S. Quadri; Taylor J. Aiken; Michael Allgaeuer; Radim Moravec; Sean Altekruse; S. Perwez Hussain; Markku M. Miettinen; +2 Authors

Expression of the scaffold connector enhancer of kinase suppressor of Ras 1 (CNKSR1) is correlated with clinical outcome in pancreatic cancer

Abstract

Despite the near universal occurrence of activating codon 12 KRAS somatic variants in pancreatic cancer, there is considerable heterogeneity in the molecular make-up, MAPK/ERK pathway activation states, and clinical outcome in this disease. We analyzed the expression levels of CNKSR1, a scaffold that influences MAPK/ERK pathway activity, in clinical pancreas cancer specimens and their impact on survival of patients with pancreatic cancer.Immunohistochemical staining for CNKSR1 expression was performed on 120 specimens from three independent pancreatic cancer tissue registries, phospho-ERK levels were measured in 86 samples. Expression was divided into CNKSR1 low and CNKSR1 high and correlated with clinicopathological variables including overall survival using multivariate Cox proportional hazard ratio models.CNKSR1 expression was increased in tumors compared to matched normal uninvolved resection specimens (p = 0.004). 28.3% (34/120) of patient specimens stained as CNKSR1 low compared to 71.7% (86/120) of specimens which stained as CNKSR1 high. High CNKSR1 expression was more prevalent in low grade tumors (p = 0.04). In multivariate analysis, low CNKSR1 expression status was independently correlated with decreased overall survival (HR = 2.146; 95% CI 1.34 to 3.43). When stratifying primary, non-metastatic tumor biopsies by CNKSR1 expression, resection was associated with improved survival in patients with high CNKSR1 expression (p < 0.0001) but not low CNKSR1 expression (p = 0.3666). Pancreatic tumors with nuclear in addition to cytoplasmic CNKSR1 staining (32/107) showed increased nuclear phospho-ERK expression compared to tumor with cytoplasmic CNKSR1 staining only (p = 0.017).CNKSR1 expression is increased in pancreatic tissue specimens and was found to be an independent prognostic marker of overall survival. CNKSR1 may help to identify patient subgroups with unfavorable tumor biology in order to improve risk stratification and treatment selection. Cellular distribution of CNKSR1 was correlated with nuclear pERK expression.

Keywords

Male, Intracellular Signaling Peptides and Proteins, Neoplasms. Tumors. Oncology. Including cancer and carcinogens, Biomarker, Adenocarcinoma, Middle Aged, Prognosis, Gene Expression Regulation, Neoplastic, Pancreatic Neoplasms, Correlative tissue study, Scaffold connector enhancer of kinase suppressor of Ras 1 (CNKSR1), Humans, Female, Pancreas cancer, RC254-282, Research Article, Aged, Proportional Hazards Models

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    popularity
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    Top 10%
    influence
    This indicator reflects the overall/total impact of an article in the research community at large, based on the underlying citation network (diachronically).
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    impulse
    This indicator reflects the initial momentum of an article directly after its publication, based on the underlying citation network.
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selected citations
These citations are derived from selected sources.
This is an alternative to the "Influence" indicator, which also reflects the overall/total impact of an article in the research community at large, based on the underlying citation network (diachronically).
BIP!Citations provided by BIP!
popularity
This indicator reflects the "current" impact/attention (the "hype") of an article in the research community at large, based on the underlying citation network.
BIP!Popularity provided by BIP!
influence
This indicator reflects the overall/total impact of an article in the research community at large, based on the underlying citation network (diachronically).
BIP!Influence provided by BIP!
impulse
This indicator reflects the initial momentum of an article directly after its publication, based on the underlying citation network.
BIP!Impulse provided by BIP!
10
Top 10%
Average
Top 10%
Green
gold