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https://dx.doi.org/10.48550/ar...
Article . 2022
License: CC BY
Data sources: Datacite
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Main-sequence star super-flares based on entire Kepler data

Authors: Althukair, A. K.; Tsiklauri, D.;

Main-sequence star super-flares based on entire Kepler data

Abstract

We wrote and used an automated flare detection Python script to search for super-flares on main-sequence stars of types A, F, G, K, and M in Kepler's long-cadence data from Q0 to Q17. We studied the statistical properties of the occurrence rate of super-flares. For the G-type data set, we compared our results with the previous results of Okamoto et al. 2021 by splitting the data set into four rotational bands. We found similar power law indices for the flare frequency distribution. Hence, we show that inclusion of high-pass filter, sample biases, gyrochronology and completeness of flare detection is of no significance, as our results are similar to Okamoto et al. 2021. We estimated that a super-flare on G-type dwarfs of energy of $10^{35}$ erg occurs on a star once every 4360 years. We found 4637 super-flares on 1896 G-type dwarfs. Moreover, we found 321, 1125, 4538 and 5445 super-flares on 136, 522, 770 and 312 dwarfs of types A, F, K and M, respectively. We found that the occurrence rate ($dN/dE$) of super-flares versus flare energy, $E$, shows a power-law distribution with $dN/dE \propto E^{-α}$, where $α\simeq$ 2.0 to 2.1 for the spectral types from F-type to M-type stars. In contrast, the obtained $α\simeq$ 1.3 for A-type stars suggests that the flare conditions differ from the rest spectral-type stars. We note an increase in flare incidence rate in F-type to M-type stars and a decrease in A-type to F-type stars.

The final version accepted for publication in Research in Astronomy and Astrophysics (2023)

Keywords

Astrophysics - Solar and Stellar Astrophysics, FOS: Physical sciences, Solar and Stellar Astrophysics (astro-ph.SR)

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selected citations
These citations are derived from selected sources.
This is an alternative to the "Influence" indicator, which also reflects the overall/total impact of an article in the research community at large, based on the underlying citation network (diachronically).
BIP!Citations provided by BIP!
popularity
This indicator reflects the "current" impact/attention (the "hype") of an article in the research community at large, based on the underlying citation network.
BIP!Popularity provided by BIP!
influence
This indicator reflects the overall/total impact of an article in the research community at large, based on the underlying citation network (diachronically).
BIP!Influence provided by BIP!
impulse
This indicator reflects the initial momentum of an article directly after its publication, based on the underlying citation network.
BIP!Impulse provided by BIP!
0
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