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Specialized Craniofacial Anatomy of a Titanosaurian Embryo from Argentina

Authors: Kundrát, Martin; Coria, Rodolfo A.; Manning, Terry W.; Snitting, Daniel; Chiappe, Luis M.; Nudds, John; Ahlberg, Per E.;

Specialized Craniofacial Anatomy of a Titanosaurian Embryo from Argentina

Abstract

The first dinosaur embryos found inside megaloolithid eggs from Auca Mahuevo, Patagonia, were assigned to sauropod dinosaurs that lived approximately 80 million years ago. Discovered some 25 years ago, these considerably flattened specimens still remain the only unquestionable embryonic remains of a sauropod dinosaur providing an initial glimpse into titanosaurian in ovo ontogeny. Here we describe an almost intact embryonic skull, which indicates the early development of stereoscopic vision, and an unusual monocerotic face for a sauropod. The new fossil also reveals a neurovascular sensory system in the premaxilla and a partly calcified braincase, which potentially refines estimates of its prenatal stage. The embryo was found in an egg with thicker eggshell and a partly different geochemical signature than those from the egg-bearing layers described in Auca Mahuevo. The cranial bones are comparably ossified as in previously described specimens but differ in facial anatomy and size. The new specimen reveals significant heterochrony in cranial ossifications when compared with non-sauropod sauropodomorph embryos, and demonstrates that the specialized craniofacial morphology preceded the postnatal transformation of the skull anatomy in adults of related titanosaurians.

Countries
Argentina, United Kingdom, United Kingdom
Keywords

skull, Embryo, Nonmammalian, SYNCHROTRON MICROTOMOGRAPHY, Argentina, embryo, Embryonic Development, synchrotron microtomography, Dinosaurs, DEVELOPMENT, https://purl.org/becyt/ford/1.5, Osteogenesis, evolution, Patagonia, EGG, Animals, https://purl.org/becyt/ford/1, Maxillofacial Development, development, UPPER CRETACEOUS, Fossils, EMBRYO, Skull, Biological Evolution, EVOLUTION, Titanosauria, PATAGONIA, Face, SKULL, egg, TITANOSAURIA, Upper Cretaceous

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    15
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    Top 10%
    influence
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    impulse
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selected citations
These citations are derived from selected sources.
This is an alternative to the "Influence" indicator, which also reflects the overall/total impact of an article in the research community at large, based on the underlying citation network (diachronically).
BIP!Citations provided by BIP!
popularity
This indicator reflects the "current" impact/attention (the "hype") of an article in the research community at large, based on the underlying citation network.
BIP!Popularity provided by BIP!
influence
This indicator reflects the overall/total impact of an article in the research community at large, based on the underlying citation network (diachronically).
BIP!Influence provided by BIP!
impulse
This indicator reflects the initial momentum of an article directly after its publication, based on the underlying citation network.
BIP!Impulse provided by BIP!
15
Top 10%
Average
Top 10%
Green