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ABSTRACTThere is evidence that mast cells, basophils, and IgE can contribute to immune responses to parasites; however, the relative levels of importance of these effector elements in parasite immunity are not fully understood. Previous work inIl3-deficient and c-kitmutantKitW/W-vmice indicated that interleukin-3 and c-Kit contribute to expulsion of the intestinal nematodeStrongyloides venezuelensisduring primary infection. Our findings in mast cell-deficientKitW-sh/W-shmice and two types of mast cell-deficient mice that have normal c-kit(“HelloKitty” and MasTRECK mice) confirmed prior work inKitW/W-vmice that suggested that mast cells play an important role inS. venezuelensisegg clearance in primary infections. We also assessed a possible contribution of basophils in immune responses toS. venezuelensis. By immunohistochemistry, we found that numbers of basophils and mast cells were markedly increased in the jejunal mucosa during primary infections withS. venezuelensis. Studies in basophil-deficientMcpt8DTRmice revealed a small but significant contribution of basophils toS. venezuelensisegg clearance in primary infections. Studies in mice deficient in various components of immune responses showed that CD4+T cells and ILC2 cells, IgG, FcRγ, and, to a lesser extent, IgE and FcεRI contribute to effective immunity in primaryS. venezuelensisinfections. These findings support the conclusion that the hierarchy of importance of immune effector mechanisms in primaryS. venezuelensisinfection is as follows: CD4+T cells/ILC2 cells, IgG, and FcRγ>mast cells>IgE and FcεRI>basophils. In contrast, in secondaryS. venezuelensisinfection, our evidence indicates that the presence of CD4+T cells is of critical importance but mast cells, antibodies, and basophils have few or no nonredundant roles.
CD4-Positive T-Lymphocytes, Mice, Inbred BALB C, Antibodies, Helminth, Immunoglobulin E, Basophils, Mice, Inbred C57BL, Disease Models, Animal, Immunoglobulin G, Strongyloides, Strongyloidiasis, Animals, Mast Cells
CD4-Positive T-Lymphocytes, Mice, Inbred BALB C, Antibodies, Helminth, Immunoglobulin E, Basophils, Mice, Inbred C57BL, Disease Models, Animal, Immunoglobulin G, Strongyloides, Strongyloidiasis, Animals, Mast Cells
citations This is an alternative to the "Influence" indicator, which also reflects the overall/total impact of an article in the research community at large, based on the underlying citation network (diachronically). | 46 | |
popularity This indicator reflects the "current" impact/attention (the "hype") of an article in the research community at large, based on the underlying citation network. | Top 10% | |
influence This indicator reflects the overall/total impact of an article in the research community at large, based on the underlying citation network (diachronically). | Top 10% | |
impulse This indicator reflects the initial momentum of an article directly after its publication, based on the underlying citation network. | Top 10% |