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Journal of Molecular Endocrinology
Article . 2007 . Peer-reviewed
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Associations between promoter usage and alternative splicing of the glucocorticoid receptor gene

Authors: Henk Russcher; Jan W. Koper; Frank H. de Jong; Virgil A. S. H. Dalm; Leo J. Hofland; Albert O. Brinkmann; Steven W. J. Lamberts;

Associations between promoter usage and alternative splicing of the glucocorticoid receptor gene

Abstract

The glucocorticoid receptor (GR) is widely expressed in various tissues throughout the human body. At least three different 3′-splice variants of the GR have been reported: GR-α, which is functionally active; GR-β, which is a dominant negative inhibitor of GR-α function; and GR-P, which is thought to activate the function of GR-α. At least seven different variants for exon 1 exist, 1A–1F and 1H, each with its own promoter. In this study, we explored if tissue-specific splicing of the 3′-end variants of the GR is influenced by alternative promoter usage. cDNAs of different tissues and cell lines were used to investigate which part of transcripts carrying each of the three major variants for exons 1, 1A, 1B, or 1C, encodes for the splice variants GR-α, GR-β, and GR-P. Our data demonstrate that the expression of GR-α is preferentially regulated by promoter 1C and that for the expression of GR-P promoter 1B is predominantly used. This indicates that regulation of GR splice variants could partly occur through selective use of the multiple promoters, and that this is another way to sensitize cells and tissues to the different activities of the GR isoforms.

Country
Netherlands
Keywords

Exons, EMC MGC-02-82-01, EMC MM-01-39-04, Alternative Splicing, Receptors, Glucocorticoid, Gene Expression Regulation, Organ Specificity, EMC MM-01-39-01, Humans, Protein Isoforms, Promoter Regions, Genetic, Cell Line, Transformed

  • BIP!
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    citations
    This is an alternative to the "Influence" indicator, which also reflects the overall/total impact of an article in the research community at large, based on the underlying citation network (diachronically).
    53
    popularity
    This indicator reflects the "current" impact/attention (the "hype") of an article in the research community at large, based on the underlying citation network.
    Top 10%
    influence
    This indicator reflects the overall/total impact of an article in the research community at large, based on the underlying citation network (diachronically).
    Top 10%
    impulse
    This indicator reflects the initial momentum of an article directly after its publication, based on the underlying citation network.
    Top 10%
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citations
This is an alternative to the "Influence" indicator, which also reflects the overall/total impact of an article in the research community at large, based on the underlying citation network (diachronically).
BIP!Citations provided by BIP!
popularity
This indicator reflects the "current" impact/attention (the "hype") of an article in the research community at large, based on the underlying citation network.
BIP!Popularity provided by BIP!
influence
This indicator reflects the overall/total impact of an article in the research community at large, based on the underlying citation network (diachronically).
BIP!Influence provided by BIP!
impulse
This indicator reflects the initial momentum of an article directly after its publication, based on the underlying citation network.
BIP!Impulse provided by BIP!
53
Top 10%
Top 10%
Top 10%
bronze