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Conocimientos y consumo de sal en profesionales sanitarios y población general

Authors: Roig Grau, Isabel; Rodríguez Roig, Ramón; Delgado Juncadella, Anna; González Valero, Joan Anton; Rodriguez Sotillo, Domingo; Rodriguez Martin, Irene;

Conocimientos y consumo de sal en profesionales sanitarios y población general

Abstract

Objetivo Identificar el consumo de sal, actitudes, comportamiento y conocimientos de los pacientes que acuden durante un mes al centro de salud y del personal sanitario basado en la ingesta de sal según categoría de los alimentos. Material y métodos Estudio observacional, descriptivo y transversal en una consulta de Atención Primaria mediante una encuesta multicomponente y autoadministrada con variables respecto a actitudes, comportamiento y conocimientos sobre el consumo de sal. Resultados Muestra 330 pacientes y 48 profesionales sanitarios. Análisis estadístico Programa SPSS versión 27. Descripción uni y bivariada. Contrastes bivariados entre variables cualitativas X2 de Pearson y U Mann-Whitney para las cuantitativas. Nivel de significación p0,05). Conocimientos: cantidad de sal recomendada (valor p= 0,001) y procedencia de la principal fuente de sal (valor p= 0,000). Conclusión El consumo de sal es alto tanto en sanitarios como en pacientes con una autopercepción baja de su consumo. No hay diferencias en actitudes ni comportamiento entre los dos grupos, pero sí en cuanto a conocimientos. Más del 70% de pacientes desconoce la ingesta diaria máxima de sal recomendada y solo un 25% sabe que la principal fuente de consumo de sal está en los alimentos procesados. Estos resultados apoyan el importante papel del profesional sanitario en cuanto a la educación de los pacientes sobre el consumo de sal para la prevención de la enfermedad cardiovascular.

Aim To identify the salt consumption, attitudes, behavior and knowledge of patients attending a health center and health care staff during a month, based on salt intake according to food category. Material and methods Observational, descriptive and cross-sectional study carried out in a primary care clinic by means of a multicomponent, self-administered survey with several variables regarding attitudes, behavior and knowledge about salt consumption. Results Sample of 330 patients and 48 health professionals. Statistical analysis: SPSS program version 27. Univariate and bivariate description. Bivariate contrasts between qualitative variables Pearson's Chi-square and Mann-Whitney U for quantitative variables. Significance level p0.05). Knowledge: recommended amount of salt (p-value = 0.001) and origin of the main source of salt (p-value = 0.000). Conclusion Salt consumption is high in both health professionals and patients with a low self-perception of salt consumption. There are no differences in attitudes or behavior between the two groups, but there are differences in knowledge. More than 70% of patients do not know the maximum recommended daily salt intake and only 25% know that the main source of salt consumption is in processed foods. These results support the important role of the health professional in educating patients about salt intake for the prevention of cardiovascular disease.

Consumo de sal; Comportamiento; Conocimiento

Consum de sal; Comportament; Coneixement

Salt consumption; Behavior; Knowledge

Keywords

Salt consumption, Educació dels pacients, Behavior, PSYCHIATRY AND PSYCHOLOGY::Behavior and Behavior Mechanisms::Behavior::Health Behavior, PSIQUIATRÍA Y PSICOLOGÍA::conducta y mecanismos de la conducta::conducta::conducta sanitaria, R, CHEMICALS AND DRUGS::Inorganic Chemicals::Chlorine Compounds::Hydrochloric Acid::Chlorides::Sodium Chloride, DENOMINACIONES DE GRUPOS::personas::grupos profesionales::personal sanitario, Personal sanitari, Sal, Knowledge, Attitudes, COMPUESTOS QUÍMICOS Y DROGAS::compuestos inorgánicos::compuestos de cloro::ácido clorhídrico::cloruros::cloruro sódico, Medicine, NAMED GROUPS::Persons::Occupational Groups::Health Personnel

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selected citations
These citations are derived from selected sources.
This is an alternative to the "Influence" indicator, which also reflects the overall/total impact of an article in the research community at large, based on the underlying citation network (diachronically).
BIP!Citations provided by BIP!
popularity
This indicator reflects the "current" impact/attention (the "hype") of an article in the research community at large, based on the underlying citation network.
BIP!Popularity provided by BIP!
influence
This indicator reflects the overall/total impact of an article in the research community at large, based on the underlying citation network (diachronically).
BIP!Influence provided by BIP!
impulse
This indicator reflects the initial momentum of an article directly after its publication, based on the underlying citation network.
BIP!Impulse provided by BIP!
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