ABSTRACTInterdisciplinary understanding is vital for delivering sound climate policy advice. However, navigating the ever-growing and increasingly diverse scholarly literature on climate change is challenging for any individual researcher. This annual synthesis highlights and explains recent advances across a variety of fields of climate change research. This year, the ten insights focus on: (1) record-warmth of 2023/2024 and the elevated earth energy imbalance; (2) acceleration of ocean warming and intensifying marine heatwaves; (3) Northern land carbon sinks under strain; (4) feedbacks between climate change and biodiversity loss; (5) accelerated depletion of groundwater; (6) global dengue incidence; (7) global income losses and labour productivity declines; (8) strategic scaling of carbon dioxide removal (CDR); (9) integrity challenges in carbon credit markets and emerging responses; and (10) effective policy mixes for emissions reductions. The insights have been written to be accessible to researchers from different fields, serving as entry-points to specific topics, as well as providing an overview of the evolving landscape of climate change research. In the final section, the insights are used to develop overarching policy-relevant messages. This paper provides the basis for a science-policy report that is shared with all party delegations ahead of COP30 in Belém, Brazil.