
O debate sobre as possibilidades de construção de abordagens integradas da natureza e da cultura nas ciências sociais, é o tema central deste artigo. Para o seu desenvolvimento, foram eleitos dois momentos bastante ilustrativos dos argumentos, interesses e desafios que acompanharam a história recente do desenvolvimento científico, de uma maneira geral, e das ciências sociais, em particular. Um desses momentos refere-se aos debates havidos, no final do século passado, em torno das obras produzidas por Friedrich Ratzel (1844-1904), especialmente a partir das formulações presentes em sua Anthropogeographie (1882-91), com suas propostas de integração disciplinar e de abordagens hologeicas do complexo terrestre. O outro momento diz respeito aos atuais esforços de pensadores das mais diversas áreas e campos do conhecimento, que investem na construção das ciências da complexidade e na promoção de atitudes transdisciplinares. Como saldo importante da análise desses momentos, o artigo busca evidenciar as contribuições que algumas das formulações ratzelianas podem aduzir ao debate atual em torno das perspectivas para a construção de um conhecimento científico tributário do pensamento complexo.
The main subject of this article is the debate about the possibilities of construction of integrated approaches between nature and culture in the social sciences. For the development of this article, two quite illustrative moments of the arguments, interests and challenges that accompanied recent history of the scientific development, in a general way, and of the social sciences, in particular, have been chosen. One of those moments refers to the debates which happened, at the end of the last century, on the works produced by Friedrich Ratzel (1844-1904), especially the formulations presented in his Anthropogeographie (1882-91), and his proposals of disciplinary integration and hologeical approaches of the terrestrial complex. The other moment refers to the current efforts of thinkers from several areas and fields of knowledge, who invest in the construction of sciences of complexity and the promotion of transdisciplinary attitudes. As a result of the explanation of both moments, the article is aimed at evidencing the contributions some of the ratzelian formulations can add to the current debate around the perspectives for the scientific knowledge as a tributary of the complexity.
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