To cure or to cut? This is the question that we ask every time we find a cypress infected with canker:. This article tries to find an answer to the question after some considerations on the biology of the Seridium cardinale and on some botanical-silvicultural aspects of Cupressus sempervirens; such as where the plant. Is growing, utilization, site location, dimensions of the infection, plant architecture, the evolution of the infectious process. Only after a careful reflection on these and other considerations can we decide whether to treat or fell a diseased cypress.