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Отбор содержания обучения академическому письму в России

Authors: Chujkova, E. S.;

Отбор содержания обучения академическому письму в России

Abstract

Цель статьи – описать возможный вариант отбора содержания обучения английскому языку при формировании академической письменной речи в российском вузе. Методика и методы. Теоретические методы: сравнительно-сопоставительный анализ работ зарубежных и отечественных методистов-специалистов в области обучения письменной речи на иностранном языке; систематизация данных; моделирование. Эмпирические методы: наблюдение, собеседование, анкетирование, лонгитюдный педагогический эксперимент, статистическая обработка данных. Результаты. Рассмотрены особенности сферы применения академического английского письма в англоговорящих странах и России и обозначены разные цели обучения такому письму, среди которых особо выделены два направления: намеревается ли студент использовать академический английский в научной или же в педагогической деятельности. В связи с этим аргументированно показана необходимость пересмотра подхода к формированию содержания вузовского курса иностранного языка. Отмечены и описаны жанры, на которых, по мнению автора, следует делать акцент при обучении письменной английской речи. Научная новизна. Для более объективного обоснования отбора содержания курса английского языка последовательно представлены результаты анализа существующих форматов академической письменной речи, заложенных в аутентичных источниках; изучены имеющиеся учебно-методические пособия, разработанные отечественными специалистами; исследованы ожидания и запросы российских студентов в отношении указанной осваиваемой дисциплины и специальности в целом. Практическая значимость. Предложенный автором поход к обучению академическому английскому письму позволяет в зависимости от профессиональной ориентации студентов менять как объем изучаемого материала, так и последовательность его подачи. Для этого следует сформировать содержание обязательной теоретической лекционной части курса, которая должна, вопервых, давать представление о востребованности академического английского в профессиональной деятельности; а вовторых, восполнить пробелы в знаниях студентов, не изучавших академическое письмо до вуза (non-academic students), в частности познакомить их с такими базовыми понятиями, как культура письма, риторические традиции, риторические образцы построения текста-рассуждения, особенности академического стиля письма. Объем и содержание практической части дисциплины должны варьироваться в зависимости от специфики предстоящей профессиональной деятельности и степени мотивации студентов освоения английской письменности

The aim of the study is to find the ways to adapt the content of Academic Writing course to Russian educational needs. Methods. The methods involve both – theoretical and empirical. Theoretical methods: the analysis of the teaching materials by English-speaking and Russianspeaking researchers in the field of EAP (English for Academic Purposes) writing, modeling, systematisation. Empirical methods: observation, interview, questioning, students’ needs analysis; longitudinal pedagogical experiment; methods of mathematical statistics. Results. Syllabus design starts with the course objectives that are quite specific with reference to writing academically in English in Russia. The author examines cultural factors that make motivation to use English for academic purposes (EAP) wane. One of them is teaching the subject which has application different from that in English-speaking countries. The author concludes that the experimental results of students’ expectations may contribute to the Academic Writing course design. They may alter both content and sequencing the material. Two main areas of academic writing application are writing for science and teaching others to write in English. The article provides a list of possible genres that vary depending on students’ professional needs.Scientific novelty. Further, developing the idea the researcher discusses three basic sources for the choice of the course material, i.e. foreign teaching EFL writing sources, printed works of Russian scholars devoted to teaching academic writing and, finally, needs analysis conducted with the Russian language students. The article provides an overview of these three sources and illustrates the main positions with the examples. Practical significance. Theoretical framework and findings may serve as a basis for organising a course of Academic Writing. For instance, a specially developed set of lectures is strongly recommended as the introduction to practice. Firstly, a lecturer obtains an opportunity to develop students’ professional motivation through the real life examples of EAP writing application in Russia. Additionally, there should be presented basic information that Russian «non-academic» students had no possibility to learn at early stages of their language education

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Keywords

SYLLABUS DESIGN, ACADEMIC WRITING, NEEDS ANALYSIS, АКАДЕМИЧЕСКОЕ ПИСЬМО, EAP IN RUSSIA, ИЗУЧЕНИЕ ОЖИДАНИЙ СТУДЕНТОВ, ОТБОР СОДЕРЖАНИЯ ОБУЧЕНИЯ, LEARNER-CENTERED APPROACH, ЛИЧНОСТНО-ОРИЕНТИРОВАННОЕ ОБУЧЕНИЕ, АКАДЕМИЧЕСКИЙ АНГЛИЙСКИЙ В РОССИИ

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selected citations
These citations are derived from selected sources.
This is an alternative to the "Influence" indicator, which also reflects the overall/total impact of an article in the research community at large, based on the underlying citation network (diachronically).
BIP!Citations provided by BIP!
popularity
This indicator reflects the "current" impact/attention (the "hype") of an article in the research community at large, based on the underlying citation network.
BIP!Popularity provided by BIP!
influence
This indicator reflects the overall/total impact of an article in the research community at large, based on the underlying citation network (diachronically).
BIP!Influence provided by BIP!
impulse
This indicator reflects the initial momentum of an article directly after its publication, based on the underlying citation network.
BIP!Impulse provided by BIP!
0
Average
Average
Average
Green