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Real-World Autonomous Driving Control: An Empirical Study Using the Proximal Policy Optimization (PPO) Algorithm

Real-World Autonomous Driving Control: An Empirical Study Using the Proximal Policy Optimization (PPO) Algorithm

Abstract

This article preprocesses environmental information and use it as input for the Proximal Policy Optimization (PPO) algorithm. The algorithm is directly trained on a model vehicle in a real environment, allowing it to control the distance between the vehicle and surrounding objects. The training converges after approximately 200 episodes, demonstrating the PPO algorithm's ability to tolerate uncertainty, noise, and interference in a real training environment to some extent. Furthermore, tests of the trained model in different scenarios reveal that even when the input information is processed and does not provide a comprehensive view of the environment, the PPO algorithm can still effectively achieve control objectives and accomplish challenging tasks.

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citations
The total number of citations received by all articles of the researcher of interest.
BIP!Citations provided by BIP!
popularity
This indicator reflects the "current" impact/attention (the "hype") of an article in the research community at large, based on the underlying citation network.
BIP!Popularity provided by BIP!
influence
This indicator reflects the overall/total impact of an article in the research community at large, based on the underlying citation network (diachronically).
BIP!Influence provided by BIP!
impulse
This indicator reflects the initial momentum of an article directly after its publication, based on the underlying citation network.
BIP!Impulse provided by BIP!
0
Average
Average
Average
gold