Varieties of Taka(taka 鷹) were used in Japanese falconry. The breeding method of birds of prey differs depending on the type of hawks or falcons. Especially in 16th century, falconry with Northern Goshawks catching cranes became popular instead of hunting with Peregrine falcons or Eurasian Sparrow hawks. In the natural world, birds of prey do not engage in dangerous forms of hunting, such as trying to catch prey larger than themselves, it was necessary to train birds of prey to artificially engage in such behavior. These practical falconry methods were recorded as falconry text in the early 17th century. In the latter half of the 17th century, even falcons began to try to catch cranes. This essay examines falconry texts to reveal the methods used to train birds of prey and refers to these characteristics of Japanese falconry culture. 日本では、様々な鷹を鷹狩に用いていたが、鷹の種類により鷹の飼育法は異なる。特に16世紀になると、それまでの縞や隼に変わって、大鷹で鶴を取る鷹狩が流行する。自然界の猛禽類は自分より大きい獲物を取る危険な狩はしないので、鷹に鶴をとるように仕向けるための人為的な訓練が必要であった。こうした実践的な鷹術が、17世紀初頭には鷹書として記録された。17世紀後半になると、隼でも鶴を取る方法が試みられるようになる。この小論では、そうした鷹告を用いて、日本の鷹狩文化の特質に言及する。 Introduction / 1. Shinshii Takakyo's Technique for Raising Hawks (The New Edition of the Hawk Scriptures) / 2. Catching Cranes with Northern Goshawks / 3. Catching Cranes with Falcons