To make a histopathologic analysis of the primary conjuctival neoplasms.The light microscopic findings of 777 cases of the primary conjunctival neoplasms were reported. The histochemical and immunohistochemical technologies were used.In a series of 777 primary conjunctival neoplasms, 669(86.1%) were benign and 108 (13.9%) were malignant. The pigmented nevi (247 cases) were the most common in the benign tumors, while the squamous cell carcinoma (58 cases) were the most common tumors among the malignant ones.The biological characteristics of the benign and malignant tumors can be referred as differential diagnosis. There is the spindle cell and mucoepidermoid type in the squamous cell carcinoma of the conjunctiva. Postoperative recurrent factor of the malignant melanoma of the conjunctiva is numerous.