The study concern the folk interpretation of heart disease and describe the meaning of these sickness and illness in zarma ethnic group. This work shows many dissonances between health personnel and patients. In many ways these lacks of understanding are prejudiciable. It incites patients to use popular health system and doesn't permit the patient to understand his disease and his treatment. The study emphasize fact of studying and paying attention closely to popular meaning and interpretation systems. Medical team have to take care of patient's representation. In short, chronic heart disease obliges to include anthropologic data in medical care activity.