During a study of the protective effects of cold on kidney cells under conditions of interrupted blood circulation, it was found that attention must be paid to the temperature of kidney tissue in order to prevent cell damage caused by an excessively reduced temperature. The authors correspondingly developed an instrument for the measurement of kidney tissue temperature where thermal sensors located in a needle are able to measure deep temperature in live tissue under conditions of external hypothermia. Thermal sensors were also placed in a hypothermal coil for contact measurement of surface temperature of a cooled kidney and in a duct for supply of cooling medium into a coil. Construction of these devices is described and basic the characteristics of the thermistor and thermocouple sensors for temperature measurement are presented. After evaluation of advantages of the tested sensors, indications regarding their application are given.