The authors describe their experiences with treatment of 128 girls with a nonfrequent pathology, among them there were 3 girls with the pathology at the neonatal and baby age. Special attention is given to differential diagnostic problems in making diagnosis of cysts, cystomas, ovarian apoplexies and other pathologies. The volume of operative interventions should be determined individually with special reference to the pathological process, with maximum orientation to organ-preserving operations.