A 70-year-old patient with a 6 x 6 x 12 cm mass involving the mesentery root is discussed. The pseudotumorous infiltration was detected by ultrasound done because of nonspecific abdominal symptoms and weight loss. Laparoscopic biopsy confirmed the diagnosis of mesenteric panniculitis. The primary histologic criterion is infiltration of the mesenterium by foamy lipid-laden macrophages, clusters of lymphocytes and fibrosis. The majority of cases follow a benign course and need no therapy, but co-existence of lymphoma has been reported. There have been few cases where panniculitis with progressive fibrosis changed into retractile mesenteritis with shortening of the mesenterium and compression of mesenteric vessels with partial or complete intestinal obstruction or ischemia requiring surgery. Few reported cases of severe and progressive disease have been treated with prednisone and azathioprine or cyclophosphamide.