The syndrome of synovitis, acne, pustulosis, hyperostosis and osteomyelitis (SAPHO syndrome) includes disorders with common clinical and radiological manifestations. One of these, sternocostoclavicular hyperostosis, is characterized by inflammation and ossification of ligaments, bones and joints in the upper anterior parts of the trunk. The author reports the case of a 20 year-old female who developed unilateral sternocostoclavicular hyperostosis and complete ankylosis of the second, third and fourth lumbar vertebrae. Prior to onset of musculoskeletal complaints, she experienced a brief episode of dermatitis of the scalp, accompanied by transient alopecia. The condition was controlled by administration of ketoprofen and naproxen.