Forty-seven reoperations were performed on 46 patients for local recurrence of carcinoma and other malignant tumors of the lung after surgical treatment. In two thirds of cases the local recurrence was a consequence of various errors in therapeutic tactics and surgical techniques made during the operation for the primary tumor. The malignant lung tumor recurred in periods of 4 weeks to 20 years after the operation, but mostly (in 74.5% of patients) in the first 5 years. The authors believe that the criteria of a local recurrence are the same morphological structure as of the primary tumor and localization of the second tumor in the stump of the resected bronchus or in the zone of the previous operation. In 17.0% of cases the recurrent tumor was less differentiated than the primary tumor, and in 34.0% it metastasized to the regional lymph nodes. Pneumonectomy-type removal of the remaining parts of the pulmonary tissue was the operation of choice in local recurrence of lung carcinoma. Organ preserving operations were performed only in local recurrence of less malignant tumors. Five-year survival after repeated operations in local recurrence of malignant lung tumors was 42.6% and depended on the morphological structure of the recurrent tumor.