Silicone oils were injected in 37 eyes of 37 patients among 95 patients performed vitrectomy during 1988-1990. The indication was complicated retinal detachment except for 2 cases of diabetic proliferative retinopathy and vitreous hemorrhage. In 29 (78.4%) of the 37 eyes, the retina was totally reattached, and in 7 eyes partially reattached that did not regain ambulatory vision. In 22.7% of the eyes successfully operated, cataracts developed with silicone oil 1,000mPa.s while transient hypertension occurred in 27.3% with silicone oil 5,000mPa.s. Vitrectomy with silicone oil filling may help some retinal detachments that are refractory to conventional retinal and vitreous operations; however, due to possible complications, the use of silicone oil should be in limited cases and removed after retinal reattachment.