Participation of renal prostanoids in development of diabetes-induced nephropathy was studied in rats with streptozotocin diabetes. Development of diabetic nephropathy occurred with simultaneous decreases in production of intrarenal natriuretic, depressor prostaglandin and prostacyclin as well as with increases in content of antinatriuretic, pressor, prothrombogenic TxA2. The imbalance observed in the production of renal prostanoids contributed slightly to impairments of hemodynamics, osmo- and ion regulating functions of kidney, i.e. to formation of diabetic nephropathy in the experimental animals.