The mission of regulation is to provide the general population with the most desirable products from among the many new ones currently available. Scientific activities supporting this mission can be regarded as Regulatory Science--the science of estimation and evaluation. Regarding regulatory science, research that can help produce accurate estimates is actually of greater value than the fruits of basic or applied research. Regulatory science exists not merely for the purpose of regulation but to support development as well. Rules that are neutral and open to public scrutiny must be created through cooperative research among industry, academic and regulatory scientists.