One hundred patients were treated for postpartum endometritis with ampicillin and clindamycin. Fifty patients were analyzed retrospectively and 50 prospectively for therapeutic response and development of late infectious sequelae. Seventy-eight patients exhibited an acceptable clinical response. One patient developed a wound infection from Staphylococcus aureus, which responded to drainage. The remaining 21 patients responded to the addition of an aminoglycoside. No patient developed a pelvic abscess or septic thrombophlebitis. The therapeutic response of the 2 groups treated with ampicillin and clindamycin is contrasted with the results derived from the traditional antibiotic regimen of a penicillin and an aminoglycoside.