A review of the pathogenic, immunologic, pathologic and radiologic features of the small schistosomiasic bladder, and a study of its surgical treatment, from 11 cases observed in Ivory Coast. Pathological aspects and surgical intervention are almost similar to "tuberculous small bladder". Uretero-ileo-cystoplasty, either uni or bilateral performed, according to Couvelaire's technique gives good results: urinary comfort, pain and infection improvement, and renal functions returning to normal.