In recent years the microaerophil organisms of the genus Campylobacter have been cultured with increasing frequency, thanks to more appropriate methods for isolation from fecal cultures. These organisms have been shown to be important causes of acute diarrheal disease, usually with spontaneous recovery. They also are accepted as agents capable of causing serious systemic infection, mainly in patients debilitated by chronic disease. The incidence of Campylobacter enteritis in Switzerland, its epidemiology, the clinical picture of Campylobacter infections and diagnostic and therapeutic problems are briefly reviewed.