During a microsurgical operation the opportunity was taken to inspect the ampulla of the tube with a soft fibroscope in 68 patients. Several different normal and pathological appearances were found. Ampullary endoscopy gives much more precise information than salpingography and a very valuable prognosis because 14 normal pregnancies occurred where the tubes had been considered to be normal whereas no intra-uterine pregnancy occurred where the tubes were thought to be pathological. Instead, they re-obstructed or were the sites of ectopic pregnancies. This complementary examination carried out during operation seems to be a useful prognostic measure for patients undergoing ampullary surgery.