35 cases of botonneuse Fever admitted in our hospital during the course of a year and a half are presented. They were all children between the age of 18 months and 11 years. The most common features were: fever, maculopapulous rush and "tache noir". Weil Felix test was not of diagnostic value in one third of the cases. 71 per cent of the children recieved etiological treatment (doxicicline or cloramfenicol); the remaining 29% only got simptomatic measures. A cure was achieved in every case. Nevertheless, the manifestatios lasted longer in those not treated with antibiotic therapy.