The paper presents the results of the comparative study of the EEG at alpine altitudes (Tuya -- Ashu pass, 3200 m) and at low altitudes (City of Frunze, 760 m above the sea level). The dynamics of EEG changes at different stages of adaptation to hypoxia is also traced. The obtained data show that the alpine hypoxia produces a considerable intensification of the excitation processes in the cerebral cortex. Different sensitivity to the oxigen shortage has been found in the frontal-temporal parts of the right and the left hemispheres.