Sets of immunoglobulin V kappa genes homologous to ten cloned V kappa sequences: implications for the number of germline V kappa genes.
Copyright policy )Sets of immunoglobulin V kappa genes homologous to ten cloned V kappa sequences: implications for the number of germline V kappa genes.
To count V kappa genes homologous to particular V kappa nucleotide sequences, thereby permitting estimates for the total V kappa repertoire, we hybridized 10 cloned V kappa cDNA sequences to restriction fragments of mouse embryo DNA (Southern blots). Particular probes labeled up to 17 fragments, of which up to 8 were strongly labeled. This indicates that the germline contains sets of related V kappa genes. Only 4 nonoverlapping gene sets of 16-22 genes each were found. Assuming that the probes used are a random sample of the V kappa pool, the pattern repetitions suggest that the germline contains a total of about 5 distinct V kappa gene sets and about 90 V kappa genes. Correlating sets of strongly labeled genes with V kappa groups having similar N-terminal sequences led to an estimate of about 300 germline V kappa genes, while extrapolation from the number of genes in the VK-21 group gave an estimate of 90-140 genes. Since the three independent estimates fell between 90 and 320 genes, the germline V kappa repertoire, at least as expressed in myelomas, probably lies in that range. The V kappa fragment patterns given by three probes did not differ detectably between BALB/c, NZB, and A/J DNA but all three patterns differed in AKR DNA, indicating that there is limited polymorphism within the mouse V kappa locus. Somatic mutation must expand the number of expressed V kappa sequences, since the 8-12 VK-21 genes estimated for BALB/c and for NZB is significantly less than the 22 known NZB VK-21 polypeptides.
Mice, Inbred BALB C, Base Sequence, Mice, Inbred NZB, Mice, Inbred A, Genes, MHC Class II, Immunoglobulin Variable Region, DNA, DNA Restriction Enzymes, DNA, Neoplasm, Neoplasms, Experimental, Embryo, Mammalian, Immunoglobulin kappa-Chains, Mice, Mice, Inbred AKR, Liver, Animals, Immunoglobulin Light Chains, Binding Sites, Antibody, Cloning, Molecular, Antibody Diversity
Mice, Inbred BALB C, Base Sequence, Mice, Inbred NZB, Mice, Inbred A, Genes, MHC Class II, Immunoglobulin Variable Region, DNA, DNA Restriction Enzymes, DNA, Neoplasm, Neoplasms, Experimental, Embryo, Mammalian, Immunoglobulin kappa-Chains, Mice, Mice, Inbred AKR, Liver, Animals, Immunoglobulin Light Chains, Binding Sites, Antibody, Cloning, Molecular, Antibody Diversity
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