Medication adherence refers to the extent to which patients follow their treatment as agreed with their healthcare provider. Approximately 30-50% of patients are non-adherent, due to intentional or practical reasons. High-risk groups include those with chronic illnesses, cognitive impairments, or limited understanding of their condition. Detection and monitoring of non-adherence require open non-judgmental communication to the patient, and collaboration among healthcare disciplines. Effective strategies to improve adherence combine education, personal support, and digital tools, tailored to individual needs. Simple interventions - for instance linking medication to daily routines or involving caregivers - can also improve adherence. Personalization, trust, and effective communication are key to enhancing long-term treatment success.