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RSC Advances
Article . 2025
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PubMed Central
Article . 2025
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Novel Schiff base Cu(ii) and Au(iii) complexes: spectroscopic, computational, and electrochemical insights for H2O2 sensor applications.

Authors: Ayoub, Manara A.; Fahim, Asmaa M.; Magar, Hend S.;

Novel Schiff base Cu(ii) and Au(iii) complexes: spectroscopic, computational, and electrochemical insights for H2O2 sensor applications.

Abstract

A Schiff base ligand, called (E)-2-((1H-pyrrol-2-yl)methyleneamino) benzenethiol (H2L), was synthesized from 2-aminothiophenol and pyrrole-2-carbaldehyde; the copper(ii) and gold(iii) coordination complex were then successfully synthesized and characterized by elemental analysis, FT-IR, UV-vis, NMR, XRD, SEM, TGA/DTA and conductivity measurements. Based on spectroscopic and structural data, ligand H2L behaves as a tridentate ligand to Cu(ii) via its thiophenolic sulfur, azomethine nitrogen and pyrrolic nitrogen atoms, and as a bidentate ligand to Au(iii) via sulfur and azomethine nitrogen. Density Functional Theory (DFT/B3LYP/LANL2DZ) studies provided additional information on molecular orbital, electronic reactivity, charge distributions, and thermodynamic stability and showed that the gold(iii) half-sandwich complex was more exothermic, favoring thermodynamic stability, because of the stronger Au-ligand based on covalency and relativistic orbital interactions. Electrochemical analysis using screen-printed electrodes (SPEs) modified with H2L/Cu and H2L/Au nanomaterials showed significantly improved electron-transfer kinetics and capacitive behavior, with the H2L/Au system exhibiting the lowest charge-transfer resistance (19 Ω) and highest specific capacitance (774 F g-1). The H2L/Au-modified electrode also exhibited excellent electrocatalytic activity for non-enzymatic hydrogen peroxide sensing, with a wide linear range (0.05-1725 μM), ultra-low detection limit (0.025 μM), high sensitivity, and outstanding stability. The practical applicability of the H2L/Au-modified electrode was demonstrated with real-sample analysis of water, milk, cheese salami, and juice, showing excellent recovery of hydrogen peroxide in each sample. In summary, the combination of Schiff base coordination chemistry and transition-metal centers resulted in multifunctional nanocomposites with high thermal and electrochemical stability, making them suitable nanomaterials for possible energy-storage devices and electrochemical biosensors.

Keywords

Chemistry

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selected citations
These citations are derived from selected sources.
This is an alternative to the "Influence" indicator, which also reflects the overall/total impact of an article in the research community at large, based on the underlying citation network (diachronically).
BIP!Citations provided by BIP!
popularity
This indicator reflects the "current" impact/attention (the "hype") of an article in the research community at large, based on the underlying citation network.
BIP!Popularity provided by BIP!
influence
This indicator reflects the overall/total impact of an article in the research community at large, based on the underlying citation network (diachronically).
BIP!Influence provided by BIP!
impulse
This indicator reflects the initial momentum of an article directly after its publication, based on the underlying citation network.
BIP!Impulse provided by BIP!
0
Average
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