Ragweed, as an exotic invasive species, which is one of the most important allergens for hay fever, has been invading China for more than 80 years. The increasing number of people with hay fever makes effective treatment, as well as the prevention and control of pollen transmission critical. This article delves into a comprehensive research summary focusing on the allergenic properties of ragweed pollen, its pathogenic characteristics, epidemiological patterns, monitoring and control measures, as well as concentrated management approaches. By exploring these aspects, it provides a reference framework for scientifically sound integrated control methods that encompass biological management, pharmacological treatments, and specific immunotherapy, ultimately aiming to prevent and mitigate the effects of ragweed pollen exposure.