
pmid: 33310180
pmc: PMC7834857
To review the virology, immunology, epidemiology, clinical manifestations, and treatment of the following 3 major zoonotic coronavirus epidemics: severe acute respiratory syndrome (SARS), Middle East respiratory syndrome (MERS), and coronavirus disease 2019 (COVID-19).Published literature obtained through PubMed database searches and reports from national and international public health agencies.Studies relevant to the basic science, epidemiology, clinical characteristics, and treatment of SARS, MERS, and COVID-19, with a focus on patients with asthma, allergy, and primary immunodeficiency.Although SARS and MERS each caused less than a thousand deaths, COVID-19 has caused a worldwide pandemic with nearly 1 million deaths. Diagnosing COVID-19 relies on nucleic acid amplification tests, and infection has broad clinical manifestations that can affect almost every organ system. Asthma and atopy do not seem to predispose patients to COVID-19 infection, but their effects on COVID-19 clinical outcomes remain mixed and inconclusive. It is recommended that effective therapies, including inhaled corticosteroids and biologic therapy, be continued to maintain disease control. There are no reports of COVID-19 among patients with primary innate and T-cell deficiencies. The presentation of COVID-19 among patients with primary antibody deficiencies is variable, with some experiencing mild clinical courses, whereas others experiencing a fatal disease. The landscape of treatment for COVID-19 is rapidly evolving, with both antivirals and immunomodulators demonstrating efficacy.Further data are needed to better understand the role of asthma, allergy, and primary immunodeficiency on COVID-19 infection and outcomes.
Adult, Male, Allergy, Adolescent, Clinical Sciences, Immunology, Comorbidity, Severe Acute Respiratory Syndrome, Antiviral Agents, Young Adult, Rare Diseases, CME Review, Clinical Research, 80 and over, Humans, Preschool, Child, Lung, Aged, Aged, 80 and over, Biomedical and Clinical Sciences, SARS-CoV-2, Inflammatory and immune system, Evaluation of treatments and therapeutic interventions, COVID-19, Infant, Middle Aged, Asthma, Infectious Diseases, Good Health and Well Being, 6.1 Pharmaceuticals, Child, Preschool, Respiratory, Female, Infection, Coronavirus Infections
Adult, Male, Allergy, Adolescent, Clinical Sciences, Immunology, Comorbidity, Severe Acute Respiratory Syndrome, Antiviral Agents, Young Adult, Rare Diseases, CME Review, Clinical Research, 80 and over, Humans, Preschool, Child, Lung, Aged, Aged, 80 and over, Biomedical and Clinical Sciences, SARS-CoV-2, Inflammatory and immune system, Evaluation of treatments and therapeutic interventions, COVID-19, Infant, Middle Aged, Asthma, Infectious Diseases, Good Health and Well Being, 6.1 Pharmaceuticals, Child, Preschool, Respiratory, Female, Infection, Coronavirus Infections
| selected citations These citations are derived from selected sources. This is an alternative to the "Influence" indicator, which also reflects the overall/total impact of an article in the research community at large, based on the underlying citation network (diachronically). | 9 | |
| popularity This indicator reflects the "current" impact/attention (the "hype") of an article in the research community at large, based on the underlying citation network. | Top 10% | |
| influence This indicator reflects the overall/total impact of an article in the research community at large, based on the underlying citation network (diachronically). | Average | |
| impulse This indicator reflects the initial momentum of an article directly after its publication, based on the underlying citation network. | Top 10% |
