
Resumen Desde hace décadas, la administración tópica oftálmica de fármacos mediante el empleo de colirios ha sido la técnica más empleada para el tratamiento de patologías oculares. El desarrollo de la galénica ha permitido el uso y comercialización de nuevas formulaciones que incrementan el tiempo de residencia en el lugar de acción, como es el caso de las suspensiones, emulsiones y pomadas oftálmicas. Recientemente se han desarrollado nuevos sistemas de administración, como es el caso de dispositivos e insertos que proporcionan una cesión sostenida de principio activo. Algunos de estos sistemas ya se encuentran disponibles en el mercado, mientras que otros todavía están en fase de ensayo clínico, como es el caso también de los prometedores sistemas basados en nanoestructuras (nanocápsulas, ciclodextrinas, nanoemulsiones, etc.). De la misma forma, diversas formulaciones y dispositivos han sido desarrollados en el campo de la administración intravítrea, estando disponibles en el mercado europeo diversos implantes para el tratamiento de la degeneración macular asociada a la edad (DMAE), el edema macular diabético o infecciones que afectan al segmento posterior. En esta revisión se recogen los desarrollos actualmente implementados y en fase de investigación asociados a las vías de administración oftálmica de fármacos tópicos e intravítreos.
Abstract For decades, topical ophthalmic drug administration through the use of eye drops has been the most widely used technique for the treatment of eye diseases. The development of galenic formulation has led to the use and commercialization of new formulations, such as suspensions, emulsions, and ophthalmic ointments that increase residence time in the site of action. Recently, new administration systems have been developed, such as devices and inserts that provide the sustained release of active substance. Some of these systems are already available on the market, whereas others are still undergoing clinical trials, such as promising systems based on nanostructures (nanocapsules, cyclodextrins, nanoemulsions, etc.). Similarly, various formulations and devices have been developed in the field of intravitreal administration, with different implants available on the European market for the treatment of age-related macular degeneration (AMD), diabetic macular edema, or infections that affect the posterior segment. This review includes current developments in ophthalmic topical and intravitreal drug administration routes as well as those under investigation.
ophthalmic solutions, Eye Diseases, Administration, Topical, RM1-950, Ocular inserts, Sistemas de liberación oftálmica, drug delivery systems, Pharmacy and materia medica, Drug Delivery Systems, intravitreal injections, Humans, Intravitreal injections, Cyclodextrins, Ophthalmic solutions, Inyecciones intravítreas, Soluciones oftálmicas, Drug delivery systems, RS1-441, ocular inserts, Insertos oculares, Therapeutics. Pharmacology, Ophthalmic Solutions
ophthalmic solutions, Eye Diseases, Administration, Topical, RM1-950, Ocular inserts, Sistemas de liberación oftálmica, drug delivery systems, Pharmacy and materia medica, Drug Delivery Systems, intravitreal injections, Humans, Intravitreal injections, Cyclodextrins, Ophthalmic solutions, Inyecciones intravítreas, Soluciones oftálmicas, Drug delivery systems, RS1-441, ocular inserts, Insertos oculares, Therapeutics. Pharmacology, Ophthalmic Solutions
| selected citations These citations are derived from selected sources. This is an alternative to the "Influence" indicator, which also reflects the overall/total impact of an article in the research community at large, based on the underlying citation network (diachronically). | 0 | |
| popularity This indicator reflects the "current" impact/attention (the "hype") of an article in the research community at large, based on the underlying citation network. | Average | |
| influence This indicator reflects the overall/total impact of an article in the research community at large, based on the underlying citation network (diachronically). | Average | |
| impulse This indicator reflects the initial momentum of an article directly after its publication, based on the underlying citation network. | Average |
