This study aims to study the effect of the improved partial denture treatment in the rehabilitation of patients with temporomandibular joint disorders (TMD).Twenty middle-aged and old patients suffering from osteoarthrosis were treated with the improved partial denture treatment. These patients were followed up during the partial denture treatment and after the rehabilitation. Both the clinical symptoms and Fricton's craniomandibular index were used to evaluate the clinical effects. Data were analyzed using SPSS17.0.The effective rate reached 100% when the patients wore partial dentures for 1 month. All of the 20 patients were comfortable with temporomandibular joint, and they expressed ultimate satisfaction with the denture. The Fricton indexes of 20 patients decreased significantly after the treatment (P<0.05).Partial denture treatment is an ideal method in rehabilitation for patients with TMD (osteoarthrosis) and dentition defect.