The traumatism remains of major medical social problems not only in the Russian Federation but in the most of the countries. In 2001-2012 dynamics of indices of traumatism was characterized by increasing of level of traumatism from 87 to 93 cases per 1000 of population. In 2012 and later tendency to decreasing of indices of traumatism is observed but there is no enough data to testify single-valued turning point. Despite progress in treatment of the injured, decreasing of lethality and development of rehabilitation programs considerable prevalence of traumatism in the Russian Federation is related to inadequate efficiency ofpreventable efforts ofsociety and health care system concerning issues of decreasing risks for population of getting traumatized. The absence of systemic approach, underestimation of social economic, geographic, climatic factors, demographic characteristics of territory drastically decreases efficiency of implemented preventive activities.