Various imaging studies have employed voxel based morphometry (VBM) to detect local volume reductions in schizophrenia. Indeed, the first study of VBM was applied to patients with schizophrenia. Patients with schizophrenia show reduced volume in frontal, temporal (especially superior temporal gyrus, parahippocampal gyrus, and amygdala), and limbic regions (including insula and anterior cingulate cortex). Patients also show an increased volume in striatal regions. Even patients with first-episode show volume reduction and the reduced regions extend in accordance with the pathological process, which supports both the neurodevelopmental hypothesis and the neurodegenerative hypothesis. The challenge is how to feedback this accumulated evidence to the clinical practice.