Diagnosis involves development of a comprehensive and concise database of pertinent information, sufficient to understand the patient's problem as well as answer questions arising in the treating clinicians' mind. It is an accomplished art to develop a communication with the child and elicit relevant information from him. Thus, the signs and symptoms elicited on the basis of patient's experiences and clinician's knowledge forms the elementary framework of a good prognosis. This article aims to unveil the "must know" fundamentals of a sound diagnosis for a sound treatment plan.