A case of Campylobacter infection in a 2-day old infant is described. The possibility for a newborn infant to get infected with Campylobacter jejuni directly from the infected mother in the process of parturition is considered. The methods of the laboratory diagnosis of Campylobacter infection, including the main principles of the identification of Campylobacter species, are presented. The possibility of using the enzyme immunoassay for the serological diagnosis of Campylobacter infection is shown. The possible ways and factors of the transfer of this infection to newborn infants are discussed.