To report a new pest of Amomum villosum and its distribution, occurrence regularity and damage situation, in order to provide reference for its control.Reared the pest larvae, observed the morphological characters, and made a preliminary investigation on its distribution, occurrence regularity and damage situation.Through macroscopic examination, the pest was identified as Anisodera rugulosa, which distributed in the main producing areas of Amomum villosum in Xishuangbanna, the pest larvae ate the inside of Amomum villosum fruit, which made the fruit formed holes, more seriously, it made the whole fruit rot black.The pest causes the fruit yield reduction of Amomum villosum. Pest control work needs to be carry out as soon as possible.