Retinal vascular occlusions are occlusion of the R.C.A. or of the branches with a dramatic loss of the visual function immediately; occlusion of R.C.V. or of the branches, less dramatic at once but a follow up is necessary for a long time because of neovascular complications or macular edema; the most frequent aetiology is also the atherosclerosis. The treatment is the treatment of atherosclerosis or of a particular aetiology. Treatment of the ischemic syndrome is supported by Argon laser for retinal photocoagulation.