To explore whether genetic variations in the MFN1 gene are associated with low to moderate myopia in Chinese population.The case-control association analysis was used. The study included 100 independent myopia patients (-0.75 D ≤ spherical refraction ≤-8.00 D) and 100 sex-matched healthy controls (with binocular spherical equivalent ranges between -0.50 D and +0.50 D). Four single nucleotide polymorphism (SNP) tags (rs3976523, rs13098637, rs6762399 and rs7618348) were selected for genotyping by direct sequencing. The frequencies of genotypes and their alleles were calculated based on the number of SNP genotypes in each sample. The Chi-square test was used to examine the difference in the frequency between the myopia cases and controls.Genotype distributions in the four SNPs were all in accordance with the Hardy-Weinberg equilibrium; analysis showed that rs13098637 was significantly associated with low to moderate myopia (P=0.003 and empirical P=0.010). There were no statistically significant differences observed for the genotype or allele frequencies of the other three SNPs between the myopia cases and controls in the Chinese population in this study.The current study has revealed that the C allele of rs13098637 in MFN1 had a significant association with low to moderate myopia.