During the period from 30. 01. 1971 to 30. 03. 1988 403 kidney transplantations were performed on the Surgical clinic KBC and Medical faculty at Rijeka. Satisfactory results were achieved concerning surviving of patients and grafts. Emergency vascular complications leads to lost of graft in most cases. Urologic complications less affecting the graft but because of possible infection could jeopardize the life of patient. In the surgical treatment of urological complications recipient ureter was used in most cases and in two patients isolated ileal loop. Among gastrointestinal complications bleeding from gastroduodenal ulcer was the major problem. After onset of routine use of antagonists of histamine H2 receptors those complications has been reduced from 6.6% to 1.5%. In five patients a spontaneous rupture of graft has happened. In two patients direct suture of rupture saved the graft. All our activities with the patients after kidney transplantation should be in careful treatment and early recognition of complications and aggressive surgical approach when it is necessary.