The aim of this work is primary lung cancer in female population of the Doboj district in the period 1975-88. incidence research as well as age structure, localisation, histological types, stage and diseases associated with lung cancer. A group of 114 female patients was investigated and as comparative group male patients with lung cancer in the same period was used. The results show that incidence rate increase is significant and in the future that trend will be continued. Especially serious is often microcellular and adenocarcinoma appearance as well as female non-smoking patients (42%) and patients with diabetes mellitus (18%) in the investigated group high percentage. These phenomena lead to conclusion that risk factors are partly different and they should be better investigated. Females with diabetes mellitus require special treatment and further research should be focused on diabetes--lung cancer relationship.