The locomotor system, especially its functional important areas, joints and spinal column, undergo degenerative changes of various range during the age and owing to endo- and exogenous factors. Osteoarthrosis affects peripheral joints, spondylosis and spondylo-arthrosis affect axial skeletal joints. The problem of osteoarthrosis becomes actual both owing to the increasing incidence of this illness and in the connection with the prolongation of human life. The problem of osteo-arthrosis is significant all over the world. That's why the attention is devoted to this illness from the point of view of etiology, pathogenetic mechanisms and pathologic morphology. A special attention is devoted to joint's medium. We deal with clinical signs, diagnostic possibilities and therapeutic principles. We emphasize the necessity of complex treatment and we report its single parts. In this connection we emphasize psychological and sociological aspects of the access to the patient with this serious chronic illness. Last but not least we deal with osteoarthrosis as the economic and social problems.