The methods used for the sparing inactivation of highly concentrated R. prowazekii biomass and for the decrease of its infectious activity are described. These methods are recommended for use in experiments in the field of molecular biology, as well as for disinfection of different materials contaminated with rickettsiae. As conditions for complete inactivation, incubation at 50 degrees C for 1 hour without chemical disinfectants, treatment with 0.5% phenol solution at 30 degrees C for 12 hours and with 0.1% formaldehyde solution at 4 degrees C for 24 hours have been selected. Treatment with 0.5% phenol solution at 36 degrees C for 1 hour or incubation at 45 degrees C without the use of disinfectants ensures an essential decrease in the infectivity of the material if the work with viable infective agents is necessary. Ultraviolet irradiation for 1.5 hours and exposure to the action of 0.1-0.5% sodium azide are less effective.