The pulmonary study represents a constant appointment for Nephroplogist who frequently asks for a chest-xray in the nephrologic patient, especially in dialysis therapy. The chest x-ray and the Computed Tomography are normally used in pulmonary study, but they are not always rapidly executable and not practicable in the ambulatory and in dialysis room. The ultrasonography has recently been proposed for the study of the lung because it can be carried out rapidly in every nephro-dialytic room, also in frequent follow-up and it doesn't need particular equipment and probes. In this paper we present the fundamental notions of the management of a correct pulmonary ultrasonographic examination and some of the most common pathological pictures (pleural effusion, interstitial and alveolar syndrome, pneumothorax, etc).