Angioimmunoblastic T-cell lymphoma (AITL) is a subtype of nodal peripheral T-cell lymphoma associated with aggressive clinical course that affects mostly the elderly. Clinical features at diagnosis are characterized by polyclonal hypergammaglobulinemia, B-symptoms, and advanced stage. It usually responds to anthracycline-based chemotherapy but eventually relapses with a median progression free survival of less than 2 years. High dose chemotherapy followed by autologous stem cell transplantation is an option for improving prognosis both in first-line and in relapsed or refractory settings. Several prospective clinical trials are evaluating the role of high dose chemotherapy as a consolidation in first-line treatment for T-cell lymphoma including AITL.