Diastasis rectus abdominis is a common condition, which may be mistaken for a ventral hernia. The literature is generally of poor quality. The evidence for the effect of conservative and surgical treatment is controversial and long-term results are unknown. Present analyses find that complication rates range from 4% to 88% and the most frequent complication is seroma formation. The risk of recurrence is up to 40%. Treatment of rectus diastasis should preferably follow scientific protocols and be restricted to patients with severe physical complaints.